What is Strep Throat

March 10, 2026

Dr. Chris Lim
Reviewed by Dr. Christopher Sim
Written by updoc's Editorial Team
What is Strep Throat

Sore throats are really common, especially for children at school. Most of the time, they're caused by a virus, such as the common cold. Usually, they go away on their own within seven days

Sometimes, though, a sore throat can be caused by bacteria. This condition is known as strep throat. It can be quite painful if left untreated.

According to The Kids Research Institute, around 8% to 12% of school-aged children have Strep A bacteria present in their throat at any one time.  Therefore, it is important to know the difference between a sore throat and strep throat. The latter needs special treatment to make you feel better.

Important Note: This article provides general health information and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment of any health condition.

Key facts about strep throat

  • Strep throat is not a virus; it is caused by the Group A Strep bacteria.
  • It's a common condition in school-aged children and teenagers.
  • Symptoms often include a sudden, very sore throat, fever, and sometimes white patches on the tonsils.
  • Sufferers tend not to have a cough or a runny nose.
  • Strep throat is diagnosed using a throat swab. Depending on what’s available, this may be a rapid test or a lab test (culture or PCR).
  • Antibiotics may be recommended for confirmed strep throat, especially for people at higher risk of complications. A clinician can advise whether antibiotics are appropriate.
  • For the strep throat treatment to be effective, you must finish the entire course of antibiotics.

What exactly is strep throat?

Strep throat is a contagious bacterial infection of the throat and tonsils. It is caused by a type of bacteria called Group A Streptococcus (often referred to as simply Group A Strep).

You can catch strep throat just by being around someone who has it when they cough, sneeze, or even talk. When this happens, tiny droplets containing the bacteria can float into the air. If you breathe them in or touch a surface they've landed on and then touch your face, you could get sick. (That's why hand washing is important!)

Anyone can contract strep throat, but it's most common in school-aged children and teenagers.

What are the common symptoms of strep throat?

Strep throat symptoms can range from mild to quite severe. They include the following:

  • Throat pain that has developed quickly
  • Finding it painful to swallow
  • Tonsils are swollen and red; they sometimes have streaks of pus or white patches
  • Tiny red spots appear on your soft or hard palate (the area at the back of the roof of the mouth)
  • Headache
  • Body aches
  • Fever
  • Rash
  • Swollen and tender lymph nodes in your neck
  • Nausea or vomiting (especially in younger children)

It's interesting to note that people with strep throat usually don't have a cough or runny nose. However, those symptoms are common among those suffering from viral colds.

If you are experiencing any of these issues, you might find it beneficial to arrange a consultation with an AHPRA-Registered Partner Doctor.

Is strep throat easy to treat?

Strep throat is a bacterial infection. If strep throat is confirmed (or strongly suspected), a clinician may prescribe antibiotics. Antibiotics can shorten symptoms a little, reduce spread, and help prevent rare complications.

Even if you start feeling better after a day or two of taking the antibiotics, you must finish the entire course exactly as prescribed. If you stop too early, some bacteria might still be around. Therefore, the strep throat infection could come back, or you might increase the risk of complications occurring.

What happens if strep throat is left untreated?

If you have contracted the condition, it is important to have strep throat treated. Not doing so opens you up to the risk of succumbing to more serious health problems.

One is rheumatic fever. This is a serious illness that can affect the heart, joints, brain, and skin. While it is less common in developed countries like Australia, it's nonetheless still a risk. Another is kidney inflammation, which could potentially lead to permanent damage.

How can Updoc help with strep throat?

If you or your child is suffering from strep throat, Updoc can help. We can provide you with 24/7 online telehealth consultations with an AHPRA-Registered Partner Doctor.

This is particularly useful if you live in a remote area where the nearest clinic is hours away. You may also want to use our service if your local medical facility is currently closed or you don’t feel well enough to physically see a doctor.

Users can submit a request from anywhere in Australia 24/7. They can also speak with an AHPRA-Registered Partner Doctor over the phone. Or consult with a Partner Doctor about:

The service is 100% online and offers confidential and discreet consultations with real Australian pharmacists and practitioners. Partner Doctors are also available online every day (including public holidays) between 6 am and midnight.

Are there any home remedies that can help?

If you or your child is unfortunate enough to contract strep throat, you will likely be off work or school. Here are some home remedies that may aid your recovery and ease any pain or discomfort.

  • Get plenty of rest: Achieving good-quality sleep will help your body fight off the infection.
  • Drink lots of fluids: Water, juice, or warm soothing liquids like broth or herbal tea can help keep your throat moist. This can prevent you from feeling dehydrated.
  • Eat soothing foods: Soft foods that are easy to swallow (such as soups, mashed potatoes, or yoghurt) can be easier on a sore throat. Avoid anything that is spicy or acidic, as this can irritate it.
  • Gargle with warm salt water: For older kids and adults, mixing about a quarter teaspoon of salt in a glass of warm water and gargling can help relieve throat pain. (Do not swallow it, though.)
  • Pain relief: Over-the-counter medicines can provide you with relief from fever and throat pain. You should always follow the directions on the packet.

How to prevent strep throat

You might not be able to completely prevent yourself or your child from succumbing to strep throat. However, there are some things you can do to reduce your chances of getting it. They include:

  • Washing your hands. Properly washing your hands is the best way to prevent all kinds of infections. That's why it's important to regularly do so for at least 30 seconds with soap and warm water. For extra protection, apply alcohol-based hand sanitiser once you have dried them.

  • Covering your mouth. Teach your children to cover their mouths with an elbow or tissue when coughing or sneezing. Try to avoid being in close proximity to other people who don’t do this.

  • Avoid sharing personal items. Don't share drinking glasses or eating utensils. Bacteria can easily pass between people in this way.

Seek urgent medical care now if you experience: 

  • Trouble breathing, noisy breathing, drooling, or inability to swallow fluids
  • Severe dehydration 
  • Severe neck stiffness, swelling, or inability to open the mouth fully
  • One-sided throat swelling, “hot potato” voice, uvula deviation 
  • Rash with fever and a very unwell child 

In brief

Contracting strep throat is no fun. So, it is worth your while to practise good hygiene and do all you can to prevent yourself from being infected.

If you do come down with a very sore throat, especially if you also have a fever and no cough, it's always a good idea to seek treatment.

Consulting with an AHPRA-Registered Partner Doctor can be your first step toward recovery. They can assess your needs and help you with your healthcare.

Best of all, you can do this online, without having to leave the comfort of your home. If approved and suitable, you can even get a prescription sent directly to your phone.

FAQs

Can strep throat go away without antibiotics?

Some mild cases might. However, it's not recommended to leave strep throat untreated. Taking antibiotics will help you feel better much sooner.

Most importantly, it will also significantly reduce the risk of you or your child suffering from serious complications like rheumatic fever, which is a condition that can have devastating, long-lasting effects.

How quickly do antibiotics start working?

You should typically start to feel better within 24 to 48 hours of your first dose of strep throat antibiotics. Around this time, you may find that your fever goes down, and your throat pain starts to subside.

How do I know it's strep and not just a cold?

The biggest clue to whether you have strep throat is if your sore throat and fever are severe and have come on suddenly. It is also highly likely that you have this condition if your symptoms do not include a cough or runny nose. The best way to know for sure is to seek medical attention.

Important disclaimer

This information is for general knowledge and educational purposes only, and does not constitute medical advice as to when to see a doctor. It is essential to consult with a qualified healthcare professional, such as your general practitioner (GP) or a specialist, for any health concerns or before making any decisions related to your health or treatment. Always follow the advice of your doctor or other qualified health provider.